Abstract:
In Sri Lanka, undergraduates with visual impairments face many difficulties throughout their
academic journey, ranging from social stigma to insufficient exam accommodations. Despite
the laws such the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act promoting equality, their inconsistent
implementation has resulted in limited benefits of visual impaired students. This study explores
the examination challenges encountered by visually impaired students within the selected universities.
A quantitative approach was employed, and due to the less population of 33 students
the census method was used, ensuring all visually impaired students in the target group were included.
Ethical considerations, including informed consent and data confidentiality were strictly
observed in this study. Most students reported that the majority of students (approximately
67%) currently take their exams through paper-based formats. In addition, the most widely
adopted examination methods for visually impaired undergraduates are Braille question papers
and oral examinations with 100% and 95% of respondents respectively. Students also reported a
strong need for specific accommodations to support visually impaired students during examinations.
Screen readers were reported as the most required support tool (85.7%). When analyzing
the barriers to the examinations, the time constraints barrier is the most significant barrier to
students’ success in examinations, with 19 respondents as a key challenge. The lack of appropriate
accommodations for the visually impaired students (17 respondents) was the second most
reported challenge. These findings highlights the need for more inclusive, technology - driven
examination solutions that promote social inclusion and equitable access. To ensure equality and
enhance accessibility, the study recommends the implementation of technology-driven examination
systems such as computer-based systems and mobile application solutions. By addressing
these challenges, universities and other institutions can move toward a more equitable academic
environment for visually impaired undergraduates.
