Examining the Impact of Critical Success Factors on Project Success of Community-Based Water Project: Vavuniya Distribution Extension Project

Abstract

This study investigates the critical success factors (CSFs) that contribute to the success of communitybased water projects (CBWPs), with a particular focus on the Vavuniya Distribution Extension Project (VDEP) in Sri Lanka. Data were collected from 100 participants through structured questionnaires with key stakeholders. Five key CSFs were identified: technological, community involvement, training and capacity building, leadership attributes and effective communication. Reliability analysis using Cronbach's Alpha confirmed the internal consistency of these factors, with values exceeding 0.7. The significance of these factors was validated through statistical measures, including the Kaiser Meyer Olkin (KMO) measure of sampling adequacy and Bartlett's Test of Sphericity. The findings revealed that technological innovations facilitated efficient project execution, while high community involvement fostered ownership and satisfaction. Training and capacity building contributed positively to project outcomes, ensuring improved efficiency and skill development. However, leadership attributes exhibited a negative influence, suggesting potential challenges in leadership effectiveness. Transparent communication among stakeholders was pivotal in aligning project goals and resolving issues promptly. Significant challenges such as financial constraints, logistical issues, and community resistance were identified. Adaptive planning and strategic resource management were crucial strategies to mitigate these challenges. Despite a slight delay in project completion, the VDEP achieved its intended outcomes, demonstrating the critical role of the identified CSFs. The study concludes with practical recommendations for enhancing project management, community engagement, and adaptive strategies to address unforeseen challenges. Future research suggestions include exploring additional CSFs, conducting longitudinal studies, and employing mixed-methods approaches to gain deeper insights into project dynamics.