The Role of Cooperative Learning in Pre-Service Teacher Training for Multicultural Classrooms: A Case Study from Jaffna National College of Education

Abstract

This paper explores the impact of Cooperative Learning (CL) as a pedagogical tool in preparing pre-service teachers at the Jaffna National College of Education (JNCE) for the complexities of multicultural classrooms. Operating within a post-conflict educational landscape, JNCE serves as a microcosm of Sri Lanka’s pluralistic society, hosting over 320 trainees across English and Tamil medium streams. The study employs a Mixed-Methods Research Design to capture both the breadth and depth of the training experience. The participant group consists of a stratified random sample of 320 pre-service teachers—specializing in STEM, ICT, Aesthetic Studies, and Special Education—representing a spectrum of urban and rural backgrounds. Primary data sources include a quantitative 5-point Likert scale survey measuring perceived intercultural competence, complemented by qualitative semi-structured focus group discussions (FGDs) with 20 representatives from each medium. The research procedure involves data collection both preand post-teaching practice (practicum) to evaluate the translation of CL strategies into realworld school management. Grounded in the Johnson & Johnson five pillars model—specifically emphasizing positive interdependence and individual accountability—the study examines how strategies like “Jigsaw Problem Solving” and “Think-Pair-Share” bridge linguistic barriers and socio-economic biases. Findings reveal a 40% increase in trainees’ comfort levels when discussing sensitive cultural topics and an 85% intention to utilize CL in future placements to manage mixed-ability groups. By fostering non-verbal empathy in Aesthetic Studies and inclusive grouping in Special Education, this research highlights how structured interdependence transforms diversity from a challenge into a pedagogical asset. Ultimately, the collaborative spirit developed at JNCE provides a scalable model for national reconciliation and educational equity.