From Title to Conclusion: A Critical Review of Methodological Choices and Causal Language in Cross-Sectional HRM Research in South Asia

Abstract

Considering the convenience, practical and economical, cross-sectional research designs are often used in Human Resource Management (HRM) studies in Sri Lanka and in south Asia. Causal languages are inappropriately often used in studies that are primarily non-causal is a chronic methodological challenge. Application of temporal precedence and controlling confounding factors are essential for causal inference. However, many journal articles, conference proceedings, and undergraduate and postgraduate dissertations describe its sections using terminologies like impact, effect, and influence. This study critically reviews conceptual and terminological misuse in prior cross sectional HRM studies. It closely examined this problem and suggests phrases for how titles, research objectives, research questions, hypotheses, findings, conclusions and recommendations should be with an example for each. As a result of a systematic search and screening procedures, published cross sectional studies conducted in Sri Lanka and south Asia were analyzed using a concept driven framework focusing on alignment between terminology and study design. Drawing the attention of researchers, it highlights the risk and implication of misusing causal language in cross sectional studies and directs recommendations for future research to eliminate methodological rigor. Considering the consequences of misusing causal languages and to improve the reliability and the applicability of HRM research findings legitimately in Sri Lanka and in South Asia, this study highlights the significance of accurate reporting.